The effect of crude oil pollution of soil on the growth of plants and uptake of nutrients was investigated by growing corn zea mays l. Effect of crude oil pollution on some soil physical properties. Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. The levels of the crude oil application varied from 0 to 10. Environmental pollution decreases the growth rate of trees and shrubs, and may even result in the decline of whole forest stands. It is a serious environmental concern since it harbours many health hazards. The domestic sector is another significant source of pollution generating municipal solid waste that may end up in landfills or incinerators leading to soil contamination and air pollution.
Introduction soil is a dynamic, natural body occurring on the surface of the earth. Pollution effects on humans, animals, plants and the environment pollution effects are indeed many and wideranging. Learn more about its causes, effects and solutions. Environment pollution is a widereaching problem and it is likely to influence the health of human populations is great. Mark hodson, soil pollution and its impact on soil life 34 summary pollutants are generated by all sorts of human activities soil pollution is a wide spread problem pollutants have to be bioavailable to cause harm impacts occurs from the molecular to ecosystem scale quantification is by controlled testing and comparisons. Soil remediation and plants provides a common platform for biologists, agricultural engineers, environmental scientists, and chemists, working with a common aim of finding. Soil pollution causes and effects that are seriously eyeopening along with air and water pollution, soil pollution is an equally serious issue that the modernday world is confronted with. Fertilizer is material added to soil to make plants grow larger and faster. Aug 30, 2017 soil pollution differs slightly from land pollution because while they are affected in some of the same ways by the same contaminates, soil pollution focuses solely on the soil.
Pollution effects on humans, animals, plants and the. Food animals that drink contaminated water or eat contaminated plants are a further, secondary source of pollutants. The study focuses on the problem of agricultural soil pollution by chemical pesticides in egypt of about 100% loss, so this research aims to study the important causes of agricultural soil pollution in an attempt to set solutions in order to reduce the amount of its negative effects on agricultural. An introduction to effects and solution avensblog december 22, 2015 7 comments land pollution is when humans introduce harmful objects, chemicals or substances, directly or indirectly into the soil in a way that causes harm to other living things or destroys soil or. Terrible effects of agricultural pollution agricultural pollution scores the highest when it comes to water quality impacts to lakes, rivers, streams and oceans. Effects of heavy metals on soil, plants, human health and aquatic life article pdf available january 2011 with 78,296 reads how we measure reads. Soil pollution refers to the contamination of soil with anomalous concentrations of toxic substances. Soil and vapor sampling for soil contamination monitoring.
We found that earthworms have been predominantly used as the test species in investigating the effects of soil plastic pollution. However, the causes and effects are roughly the same. Effect of longterm zinc pollution on soil microbial. Crude oil, pollution, soil, physical properties, ecosystem i. Humans are also affected in numerous ways either directly or indirectly. Apr 03, 2017 the developing countries are also steadily but surely moving toward this direction. Air pollution is the presence of one or more disadvantageous content in such quantity and for such duration, as it is catastrophic, or tend to be catastrophic, to human health and welfare, animal or plant life. The effect of oil pollution of soil on germination, growth. Plants growing on these soils show a reduction in growth, performance, and yield. Heavy metal, toxicity, effect on plants, heavy metal pollution and soil pollution 1. Whatever the cause, soil pollution has negative effects on plants and flora as well as the organisms that depend upon them.
Soil pollution is a problem because humans and animals need oxygen to breathe and live. Fertilisation may improve the condition of seedlings growing in polluted soil. The focus of this study is to assess the contribution of open waste dumping in soil contamination and its effect on plant diversity in one of the renowned green cities of pakistan. Deteriorating soil quality and decrease in vegetation abundance are grave consequences of open waste dumping which have resulted in growing public concern. Soil pollution is the addition of chemicals to the soil in quantities that are toxic to the environment and its residents. Open dumping of municipal solid waste and its hazardous. Soil is the thin layer of organic and inorganic materials that covers the earths rocky surface. The effects of soil ph and a prior waterlogging treatment on the uptake of copper, lead and arsenic by radish and silver beet were investigated in a glasshouse experiment. A longer exposure to radioactive radiations can damage the dna cells that results in cancer, genetic defects for the generations to come and even death. Heavy metals are toxic to soil, plants, aquatic life and human health if their concentration is high in the compost. The effects of air pollution on plants healthfully.
Having said that, it is not hard to see that a it is possible to have a seabased diet and b. Environmental impact assessment on soil pollution issue. When soil erosion is severe, soil erodes faster than it can be renewed. Prevention of soil erosion, will contribute to a cleaner and healthier planet for this generation and it is important both for businesses and individuals to act now in order to avoid pollution of soil from the beautiful plant and animal species in danger of extinction and their food supply in danger. Soil pollution definition, causes, types, effects, and.
We will look at what soil pollution is, how it occurs and how it affects living things. Soils contaminated with inorganic aluminium can prove toxic to plants. The radiations destroy the cells in human body and causes cancer. Decision makers, scientists, businesses and individual citizens generally accept and understand that air and water pollution can. However, limited researches conducted by icarindian institute of soil science gave enough indication that the area of soil pollution. Trees and plants may absorb soil contaminants and pass them up the food chain. Most plants require a soil substrate to provide water and nutrients, and whether we farm the plants directly or consume animals that feed on the plants, this means that we dont eat without soil. It counts on what type of soil, the type of toxins present and the rigor of the soil pollution, as to how much or what comes in the plant, essentially sandy soil is less likely to grab on to chemicals, whereas soil carrying more organic matter like as peat moss will keep to contaminants more readily this has the impression of. To a large extent this may be due to soil pollution, which has a negative effect on the development of root systems, especially in longlived organisms, such as trees. Let us look in to what is soil pollution, its causes, types, prevention and effects. Using plants for t he treatment of po lluted soil s is a more common approach i n the bioremed iation of heavy metal polluted soils. The most common chemicals involved in causing soil pollution are. The effect of oil spillage and other industrial wastes on our environment have been a major concern in the warri area.
Our results indicate that elimination of air pollution does not decrease the toxic effect of a polluted soil. It is the contaminants of air by the discharge of detrimental substances. Soil contamination or soil pollution as part of land degradation is caused by the presence of xenobiotics humanmade chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment. Four air pollutants sulfur, nitrogen, ozone, and mercury and eight ecosystem types ranging from estuaries to alpine tundra are considered. Effects of air pollution on ecosystems and biological. Plant growth experiment inorganic and organic pollution. Soil pollution is defined as a phenomenon characterized by the loss. Soil pollution is not only the problem in india but it is a global problem. Phytoremediation is a simple, cost effective, environmental friendly and fastemerging new technology for eliminating toxic heavy metals and other related soil pollutants. Fertilisation of plants grown in the polluted soil accelerated their growth, and lowered rwr g root g1 plant and increased biomass allocated to foliage.
For example, exposure to soil containing high concentrations of benzene increases the risk of contracting leukaemia. But did you know that soil erosion also can seriously impair crop productivity. Polluted soil can harm humans by making contact with the soil or consuming vegetation produce from contaminated soils. Soil pollution causes and effects that are seriously eye. Soil pollution can be disasterous for the environment, affecting the health of plants, animals and humans. Bioremediation is an effective method of treating heavy metal polluted soils. They both depend on healthy plants to produce and contribute to the worlds oxygen supply and soil pollution can affect plants in a. Compared to the other types of pollution, the effects of soil pollution are a little more obscured, but their implications are very noticeable. It is typically caused by industrial activity, agricultural chemicals or improper disposal of waste. Effects of nuclear pollution the effects vary from organism to organism and from level of radioactivity of nuclear isotopes.
Component % organic mineral matter 45 organic matter 05 soil water 25 soil air 25. Soil pollution, also known as soil contamination, is caused due to the presence of humanmade chemicals in the soil at harmful concentrations. This chapter overviews the main aspects of soil contamination and demonstrates the main causes and types of soil pollution such as waste disposal, mining, agrochemicals, industry, and atmospheric deposition. Agricultural soil pollution plants on which we depend for food are under attack from insects, fungi, bacteria, viruses, rodents and other animals, and must compete with weeds for nutrients. Since soil pollution is often accompanied by a decrease in the availability of nutrients, plant life ceases to thrive in such soils. An initial focus on earthworms, other soil biota and soil physical effects is a very reasonable starting point, but what about effects on plants. A major source of water pollution is fertilizer used in agriculture.
The effects of air pollution on plants develop over time and cant be undone 2. Impacts on human health over 200 years of industrialisation have caused soil contamination to be a widespread problem in europe. The conquest of utilizing land and soil resources and conducting experiments on it for our benefits is one major reason for soil pollution. To kill unwanted populations living in or on their crops, farmers use pesticides. Soil erosion is a major environmental issue because it can lead to water pollution.
Project on soil pollution pdf soil pollution is defined as the buildup in soils of persistent toxic compounds, chemicals. The effects of the environmental pollution in egypt. In addition to generating aesthetic pollution, plastic residues directly affect soil properties, retarding crop growth, affecting field operations, and potentially harming wildlife through ingestion. Introduction pollution of the environment is one of the major effects of human technological advancement. According to the characteristics of soil pollution analysis in eia about standard. Soil can be contaminated by air pollution when precipitation deposits acidic compounds such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide. Even the soil, the richest form of earth is polluted, how. Effect of polluted soil and fertilisation on growth and. Soil pollution is defined as the buildup in soils of persistent toxic compounds, chemicals, salts, radioactive materials, or disease causing agents, which have adverse effects on plant growth and animal health.
This pollution makes the river dangerous to use as a source of water for drinking or hygiene. Soil pollution can affect, pretty much, everything that lives on land. The effects of soil contamination with copper, lead and. Soil pollution types, effects, sources and control of soil. Eight soils were compared, two of which were former orchard soils, two existing orchard soils, two dosed with copper, lead and arsenic, and two affected either by mining or by orebody mineralisation. Combining both microorganisms and pla nts is an approach t o. Each type of soil pollution causes different effects on the ground and can permanently damage the land for future use.
It is a widely accepted method that is mostly carried out in situ. Links to pubmed are also available for selected references. The reason for this experiment was to measure if ph level and pollution will effect plant growth. Uniformity is essential for processing soil at a constant rate and to ensure conformance to specified cleanup levels. Soil pollution definition, causes, types, effects, and control. Soil pollution control technologies your article library. Soil contamination is in europe as a widespread problem of varying intensity and. Rajesh kumar mishra, tropical forest research institute. In this study, we discussed plastic pollution in the soil environment and investigated research on the effects of plastic wastes, especially microplastics, on the soil ecosystem. Heavy metals exhibit toxic effects towards soil biota by affecting key microbial processes and decrease the number and activity of soil microorganisms.
These altered levels of acidity in the soil eliminate the microorganisms beneficial to plant and soil health as they help to increase the plants natural defenses against pests and diseases. For most areas of iowa, the loss of 1 inch per acre of. Types of pollution effects of various types of pollution. It results when a change in the environment harmfully affects the quality of human life including effects on animals, micro organisms and plants. The fertilizers, pesticides, manure, herbicides and other agrochemicals have given rise to widespread contamination of waterways and ground waters, in turn affecting plants, wildlife. Blending mixes all ingredients uniformly and also evens out soil moisture. Soil contamination may alter plant metabolism and reduce crop yields. Soil pollution is caused by manmade, harmful chemicals penetrating the earth and causing deterioration. Pollution effects on humans, animals, plants and the environment. This paper provides the insight view about the affects of environment pollution in the perspective of air pollution, water and land soil waste pollution on human by diseases and problems, animals and trees plants.
Does ph level effect the growth of plants, or will the specific pollutant have a more effective change on plant growth. Soil pollution is mostly caused by mindless human activities such as. Air pollution not only contributes to respiratory diseases in humans and damages buildings, it can also affect plants. The influence of these heavy metals on plants and their metabolic activities caused by the geological and biological redistribution of heavy metals through pollution of the air, water and soil were briefly discussed in this article. Common soil contaminants include heavy metals, solvents, petroleum hydrocarbons, pesticides, and herbicides. Pdf effects of heavy metals on soil, plants, human. The effects of pollution on plant growth hour 3 honors biology. The synthetic chemicals in the chemical fertilizers adversely affect the health of naturally found soil microorganisms by affecting the soil ph. Soil contamination can be a result of hazardous materials, leaking fuel tanks, salts, sewage, agricultural chemicals, radioactive materials, lead contamination and industrial chemicals. Some plants are more susceptible to pollution damage than others according to fred davis, a chemist from kent state university. This should be cause for great concern considering the devastating effects soil pollution brings to the environment. Terrible effects of agricultural pollution earth eclipse. The contamination or degradation of soils impacts heavily on the health of plants. Therefore, due to the combination of all the abovementioned issues, the soil pollution becomes a hot topic.
Most agriculture activities, especially on sloping landscapes, increase the potential for soil erosion. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of stress contamination trials on the microorganisms in zincpolluted soil 5,018 mg zn kg. The effects of the polluted air treatment on the growth of s23 l. Soils polluted with heavy metals have become common across the globe due to increase in geologic and anthropogenic activities. In the laboratory, soils were subjected to copper contamination 0, 500, 1,500 and 4,500 mg kg.
Soil pollutants include a large variety of contaminants or chemicals organic and inorganic, which could be both naturallyoccurring in. Contamination of soil will decrease the agricultural output of a land. Soil pollution causes and effects that are seriously eyeopening. The effects of chemical fertilizers on soil hunker.
Environmental impacts, soil pollution, human health, toxic metals. Soil pollution types, effects, sources and control of soil pollution soil pollution soil pollution is defined as, contamination of soil by human and natural activities which may cause harmful effect on living organisms. Soil contaminated with hydrocarbons usually contains areas where contamination is greater than in others. The effects of air pollution on plants are widely seen and damage all plants including our food crops and trees. For instance, any toxic chemicals present in the soil will get absorbed by the plants. Soils polluted by acid rain have an impact on plants by disrupting the soil chemistry and reducing plants ability to take up nutrients and undergo photosynthesis. The organic portion, which is derived from the decayed remains of plants and animals, is concentrated in the dark uppermost topsoil. Summary and conclusion 181 chapter 8 summary and conclusion 8.
Soil pollution causes, effects and what to do about it. Human activities such as mining can release acidic drainage, which can have widespread effects. Soil pollution is hazardous to human health through contaminated soil particles in the air, through contamination from soil in the water and from plants grown in polluted soil. It causes harmful effect on the soil and the environment at large. It also reduces the rivers fishery, resulting in less food for the local community. Pollution effects on plants, page 4 turned into soil pollution. They both depend on healthy plants to produce and contribute to the worlds oxygen supply and soil pollution can affect plants in a negative way. Primary root tips of cucumber plants were harvested at different developmental stages, sonicated in an aqueous solution and counted under a microscope for border cell release. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 2. Soil pollution types, effects, sources and control of. Progress 010106 to 123106 outputs work continued on carbon and water flux in the rhizosphere of growth zones. Along with air and water pollution, soil pollution is an equally serious issue that the modernday world is confronted with. Aluminum while aluminum occurs naturally in the environment, soil pollution can mobilize inorganic forms, which are highly toxic to plants and can potentially leach into ground water, compounding their effects. Since plants are producers in an environment, it gets passed up through the food chain.