The objective of seismic sequence analysis is to identify depositional sequences and systems tracts on seismic sections by interpreting the location of their boundaries. A conventional processing sequence almost always includes the three principal processes deconvolution, cmp stacking, and migration. Digital filtering theory applies to virtually any sampled information in time e. Only minimal processing would be required if we had a perfect acquisition system. May 24, 2011 this is my own summary of the conventional seismic data processing sequence that i took from a collection of resources. Enwenode onajite, in seismic data analysis techniques in hydrocarbon exploration, 2014. This subject is very important for bsc student so 4 hours are specified to give the students an obvious look out. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. Seismic 87 data processing steps forward the marine seismic acquisition market may soon be hit by oil company exploration budget cuts, but the continuing demand for data processing may. In this presentation we take an ultrahigh fold test dataset and.
Apr 24, 2020 processing the raw seismic data obtained from the geophones requires the software to make calculations based on distance, time, and velocity. These coordinates often depict the distance from a sound production device to the geophones. Seismic 87 data processing steps forward the marine seismic acquisition market may soon be hit by oil company exploration budget cuts, but the continuing demand for data processing may provide a modest lifeline to some companies. Processing consists of the application of a series of computer routines to the acquired data guided by the hand of the processing geophysicist. Such data can also bring challenges and opportunities for seismic processing and imaging ellis, 20. There are three primary steps in processing seismic data deconvolution, stacking, and migration, in their usual order of application. Boundaries are manifested as discontinuities in seismic sections and are located mainly by finding reflection terminations. Pdf simple processing sequence to vspseismic data matching. A sequencewavelet analysis explorationexploitation workshop ads. This paper describes how to process an internet downloadable 2d land line data set though a very basic processing sequence using seismic unix. Seismic data interpretation seismic data interpretation. Depending on the need of the exploration and production activities, oil companies can vary their request in seismic processing activities, thus accomodating the respective seismic processing sequence to their cur. The chapter also introduces important tools and concepts commonly employed in seismic. Well data are gotten from rock samples and measurements at depth from a.
To create an accurate picture of the subsurface, we must remove or at least minimize artifacts in these records related to the surface upon which the survey was performed, artifacts related to the instrumentation and procedure used, and noise in the data obscuring the subsurface image. Data conditioning encompasses a wide range of technologies designed to address numerous. A common format used in the seismic industry for data exchange is segy, established by the society of exploration geophysicists. Migration of seismic data ieno gazdag and piero sguazzero invited paper reflection seismology seeks to determine the structure of the earth from seismic records obtained at the. As a computer performs seismic data processing, points are plotted on two and threedimensional graphs. A primary reason for this is that the signaltonoise ratio of the acquired data is very poor making many established processing techniques difficult to implement. The seismic data acquired in the png highlands is amongst the most difficult in the world to process. The best approach to use varies depending on the goal model building, migration, avo and stacking all have different requirements for the input data. The purpose of this research is to get the batter matching between vsp and seismic data after preforming a simple processing sequence on zerooffset vsp survey. Vista desktop seismic data processing software provides data processing from earlystage acquisition qc to final processing and interpretation of 2d and 3d seismic data acquired on land or offshore or as a vertical seismic profile vsp, in all industry and manufacturer data formats. Seismic processing flow reflection seismology applied. An investigation of the tools of seismic data processing 5 using synthetic data.
Lecture10 sesmic data processing reflection seismology. Migration, display and other advanced processing techniques are available and essential to the complete utilization of the seismic data. Field data on cartridges, 3592 or lto04 in an international standard format segd demultiplied intermediate data such as. That is, each of the seismic horizons indicate a type 1 unconformity, which corresponds to the vail operational seismic sequences,except h2, which are third order. Depending on the need of the exploration and production activities, oil companies can vary their request in seismic processing activities. Seismic data processing is a course designed to provide students with.
Raw seismic data 6 100s tb to 10s pb several trucks of tapes s of samples per trace. Conventional seismic data processing sequence geophysics. Seismic stratigraphic and quantitative interpretation of. The seismic data written to tape in the dog house, whether on land or at sea, are not ideal for interpretation. To enhance the signal and reject the noise the sequence of events raw shot records with some amplitude. The chapter also introduces important tools and concepts commonly employed in seismic data interpretation that include seismic sequence stratigraphy, seismic facies analysis, and direct hydrocarbon indicators dhis.
Seismic data conditioning, using a reservoir oriented processing resop workflow, is a key improvement for any quantitative seismic interpretation or reservoir characterization project using prestack seismic inversion technology. Purpose and objectives of processing the purpose of processing was to infill the existing seismic grid with. Dec 15, 2016 principles of seismic data interpretation m. This procedure, consisting of a number of sequential mathematical processes, is known as seismic data processing. The quality of data the seismic interpreter has determines the quality of the results of the interpretation after the study is completed. Jan 26, 2016 seismic data processing by ozdogan yilmaz free download. This is my own summary of the conventional seismic data processing sequence that i took from a collection of resources. By carefully designing a processing sequence to process the data. The processing of these data by digital computers is aimed at rendering them more comprehensible geologically. All processing was undertaken at fugro seismic imagings office in perth, western australia. T18p, bass strait, offshore northern tasmania date.
Sequence stratigraphic study promotes thorough understanding of the evolution of basins, but also allows for interpretations of potential source rocks and reservoir rocks in both frontier. Since the introduction of digital recording, a routine sequence in seismic data processing has evolved. Seismic data conditioning seismic data conditioning, using a reservoir oriented processing resop workflow, is a key improvement for any quantitative seismic interpretation or reservoir. From the field to the final volume, seismic data goes through many processes and workflows.
After the geology of the area to be studied is known, a data gathering process commences. Unlike marine seismic data, land seismic data has to be corrected for the elevation differences between the shot and receiver locations. A seismic interpretation study should access the following data sets 2d or 3d seismic data cube. Oct 31, 20 seismic stratigraphy deals with interpretation. The seismic unified data system suds is a foundation suitable for such teamwork in all types of seismic processing, from studies of earthquakes to discrimination of explosions to reflection and. In order to obtain maximum value from your recorded seismic, you need to condition it suitably.
In this presentation we take an ultrahigh fold test dataset and decimate to simulate 20 different acquisition subsets. Processing parameters for the caspian line used to describe the basic processing sequence in this section. Seismic interpretation an overview sciencedirect topics. Seismic data conditioning for reservoir characterization pgs.
Seismic data processing geos 469569 spring 2006 geos 469569 is a mix of digital filtering theory and practical applications of digital techniques to assemble and enhance images of. Seismic data automatic gain control velocity analysis downward continuation record section these keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This course discusses the seismic principles necessary for understanding the concepts of seismic data acquisition and processing. Vista desktop seismic data processing software provides data processing from earlystage acquisition qc to final processing and interpretation of 2d and 3d seismic data acquired on. Field data on cartridges, 3592 or lto04 in an international standard format segd demultiplied intermediate data such as mirror cdp data processed on cartridge, 3592 or lto04 stack and migration segy with header information about the processed seismic data processing sequence, navigation data or coordinates special processing. Pdf processing seismic data with open source software. Raw seismic data should be processed using several complex data processing steps in order to obtain a subsurface image from 2d or 3d multichannel seismic datasets.
Seismic data processing report for origin energy survey. It has been found that autocorrelation maintains the periodicity even in case of noisy data. Migration of seismic data university of california, davis. Once production processing commenced the focus was on accurate velocity estimation. That is, each of the seismic horizons indicate a type 1 unconformity, which corresponds to the vail operational seismic sequences,except h2, which are third order parasequence set boundaries, in contrast to fourth order parasequence sets revealed by the interpretation of galloway motifs. When are the acquired seismic data resampled in the processing sequence. Data conditioning encompasses a wide range of technologies designed to address numerous challenges in the processing sequencefrom data calibration and regularization to noise and multiple attenuation and signal enhancement. I, crosscorrelation optional for vibration data, chap. Introduction to 2d3d seismic data acquisition and processing for nongeophysicists by k.
In addition to field acquisition parameters, seismic data processing results also depend on the techniques used in processing. In the following the complete processing of seismic reflection data is described including import of the seismic data chap. Seismic data processing geos 469569 spring 2006 geos 469569 is a mix of digital filtering theory and practical applications of digital techniques to assemble and enhance images of subsurface geology. Simple processing sequence to vspseismic data matching in sindbad oil field, south of iraq article pdf available in iraqi journal of science 410. Purpose and objectives of processing the purpose of processing was to infill the existing seismic grid with additional 2d data to help delineate a number of structural leads. The two time sequences correlate well at a shift equal to the time of peak in the cross correlation function. The best approach to use varies depending on the goal model building, migration. Introduction to 2d3d seismic data acquisition and processing. The processing agreement is referenced by cgg project number 5671501p1bs. There is no single correct processing sequence for a given volume of data. Tape containing recorded seismic data trace sequential or multiplexed observer logsreports field. Conventional seismic data processing sequence geophysics forum. An investigation of the tools of seismic data processing. Three passes of analyses were performed and the picks checked by origin energy.
Seismic data processing involves the compilation, organization, and conversion of wave signals into a visual map of the areas below the surface of the earth. A conventional processing sequence almost always includes. Pdf seismic data processing judith adesola academia. This basic sequence now is described to gain an overall understanding of each step. Introduction to the processing of seismic reflection data. To produce seismic crosssection representative of geology. Seismic processing flow reflection seismology applied and. This correction is in the form of a vertical time shift to a flat datum and is known as a statics correction, but will need further correcting later in the processing sequence because the velocity of the near. It is the study of seismic data for the purpose of extracting stratigraphic information. The seismic unified data system suds is a foundation suitable for such teamwork in all types of seismic processing, from studies of earthquakes to discrimination of explosions to. Topics to be covered include statics corrections, filtering, velocity analysis, deconvolution, stacking and migration.